Carrot's optimal root growth takes place at 15-18 ºC, while optimal shoot growth is at higher temperatures. Carrots need low temperatures to induce flowering. This crop enjoys light, stone-free, well-drained, fertile organic soils. Rich sandy peaty soils are perfect in providing the best conditions for the carrot roots to penetrate deeply and to bulk-up. Soil's pH value should be between 6.5-7.5 for ideal development. Carrot is a heavy potassium and calcium feeder. It requires 3-fold and 2-fold of these nutrients, respectively, as compared to the nitrogen rate. Potassium promotes solid, sweet carrots, while excessive nitrogen causes branching and hairy, fibrous roots.